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FABRICS

 

Being aware of the material used in the production of our clothes and accessories is perhaps the most fundamental principle underpinning a sustainably kind wardrobe.​

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Synthetic textiles such as polyester, nylon and acrylic etc account for 35% of the microplastics in the ocean and make up 60% of the fabric content in the manufacture of clothes (1)

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Washing synthetic textiles is also a problem because the process releases microplastics which find their way to the oceans. Natural fabrics like cotton, wool etc also shed some material but unlike synthetics, their fibres are biodegradable.

BEING AWARE OF THE MATERIAL USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF OUR CLOTHES AND ACCESSORIES IS PERHAPS THE MOST FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE UNDERPINNING A SUSTAINABLY KIND WARDROBE.

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SYNTHETIC TEXTILES SUCH AS POLYESTER, NYLON AND ACRYLIC ETC ACCOUNT FOR 35% OF THE MICROPLASTICS IN THE OCEAN AND MAKE UP 60% OF THE FABRIC CONTENT IN THE MANUFACTURE OF CLOTHES (1)​

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WASHING SYNTHETIC TEXTILES IS ALSO A PROBLEM BECAUSE THE PROCESS RELEASES MICROPLASTICS WHICH FIND THEIR WAY TO THE OCEANS. NATURAL FIBRES LIKE COTTON AND WOOL ALSO SHED SOME MATERIAL BUT UNLIKE SYNTHETICS, THEIR FIBRES ARE BIODEGRADABLE.

​​CONVENTIONAL COTTON

 

Widely recognised as the world's most common natural fibre, conventional cotton is valued for its softness, excellent breathability and high absorbency. However its cultivation is one of the most chemically intensive agricultural processes globally, relying on vast quantities of synthetic pesticides, fertilisers and significant water consumption.

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ORGANIC COTTON

 

Organic cotton possesses all the naturally soft, breathable and absorbent qualities of conventional cotton, but is grown according to strict standards that prohibit the use of toxic, synthetic pesticides, fertilisers and genetically modified organisms (GMO’s). This farming method is significantly kinder to the environment by using less water and promoting better soil health. It also results in a purer, hypoallergenic fibre which is often considered softer and more durable than its conventional counterpart.

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LINEN

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One of the oldest and strongest natural fibres, linen is made from the cellulose fibres of the flax plant, known for its distinct, slightly crisp texture and natural tendency to wrinkle. Highly valued for its breathability, high absorbency and quick-drying properties

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WOOL

 

Also one of the oldest natural fibres, wool is a natural protein fibre, most commonly derived from sheep. It's characterised by its natural crimp and scaly surface, which gives it its bulk, elasticity and its excellent insulation properties which trap air to retain heat. It’s highly durable, wrinkle-resistant and is naturally fire-resistant.

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HEMP

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The environmental credentials of hemp lie in its cultivation as a net positive for the planet. The plant requires substantially less water (up to 50% less than cotton) and minimal to no pesticides or herbicides because it naturally resists pests. Hemp is a carbon-negative crop, because it absorbs more CO2  from the atmosphere during its rapid growth cycle than it emits, while its deep root system rejuvenates the soil, helps prevents erosion and may even remove some toxins.​

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SILK

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Produced by silkworms, silk is a natural protein fibre. While it comes from a renewable source and is biodegradable, conventional silk farming requires significant resources. The harvesting the long thread  raises ethical concerns and the land required for growing mulberry trees (the silkworms' food) can contribute to monoculture. The dyeing process often uses harsh chemicals and considerable water, contributing to effluent waste. However, alternatives like "peace silk" (where the moths are allowed to emerge before the cocoon is used) and organic farming methods offer lower-impact options.

 

CASHMERE

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A highly prized natural fibre, cashmere is made from the soft undercoat of goats, primarily found on the high plateaus of Mongolia and China. While the fibre is natural and biodegradable, the processes of harvesting (overgrazing and the consequential land degradation), transporting and processing cashmere involve a high carbon footprint, making it one of the most resource-intensive natural fibres per garment.​

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JUTE

 

Jute is a natural plant fibre and is one of the most eco-friendly fibres available because of its minimal environmental impact. Jute plants grow quickly (typically in four to six months) without the need for extensive fertilisers or pesticides. During its growth, it requires minimal water and has the significant benefit of enriching the soil. As a fibre, it is 100% biodegradable and compostable. Its environmental impact is low compared to other fibres, though the energy and chemicals used in the processing and softening stages (to make it suitable for apparel rather than just bags and ropes) can have a negative impact on the environment.

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RAYON

 

Wood pulp and bamboo are used to make rayon or ‘bamboo rayon,’ accounting for approximately 6% of global fibre consumption. The primary environmental concern lies in the production process, known as the viscose process. The process is also used to create yarns from eucalyptus, soy or other ‘eco’ textiles. While the raw material (bamboo) grows quickly and needs little water or pesticides, the heavy chemical processing effectively negates these benefits. Newer, closed-loop systems (like the Lyocell process used for Tencel) are an improved alternative.​​

TENCEL LYOCELL

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Made from sustainably sourced wood pulp, typically eucalyptus, Tencel Lyocell is a semi-synthetic fibre produced using a closed-loop system where the non-toxic solvent is recycled, making it highly sustainable. Known for its luxurious softness, beautiful drape, high strength (even when wet), and excellent moisture-management capabilities, Lyocell provides a performance and aesthetic quality often compared to silk or cashmere while being exceptionally breathable and naturally hygienic.

 

POLYESTER

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Perhaps the world's most commonly used fabric, polyester is a type of plastic made from fossil fuels. When washed, it sheds microplastics that pollute our oceans and enters the food chain. It's also non-biodegradable, meaning it will stay in landfill for hundreds of years.

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ACRYLIC

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Acrylic is a synthetic, manufactured fibre made from a polymer using petroleum or coal-based chemicals, designed primarily as an inexpensive, lightweight alternative to wool wool. Although it lacks the natural feel and breathability of wool, it’s prized for its wool-like feel, its resistance to shrinking and wrinkling and its ability to hold colour vibrantly.

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NYLON

 

Nylon is a strong, lightweight, and exceptionally durable synthetic polymer, first developed as an alternative to silk, famous for its excellent resilience, abrasion resistance and thermoplastic qualities that allow it to be heat-set into permanent shapes like pleats. Due to its strength and resistance to damage, this highly versatile fibre is predominantly used in hosiery, swimwear, technical outerwear, carpets, seatbelts, and other applications requiring high performance and low maintenance.

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LYCRA

 

Lycra (also known as Spandex or Elastane) is a synthetic polyurethane fibre. Capable of stretching up to five times its original length, it's well known for its exceptional elasticity and its ability to instantly recover its shape. Never used alone but always blended in small percentages with other fabrics, Lycra is used to add stretch, shape retention and freedom of movement to garments.​​

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